The pterygoid plate and lateral bony margin of the nasal opening are involved in the Le Fort type I fracture. Le Fort I fractures also known as the floating palate might be the result of a force of injury directed on the lower part of the maxillary alveolar rim or upper dental row, downwards. While the Le Fort type I fracture is isolated to the lower face, the Le Fort type I and Le Fort type II fractures are associated with cribriform plate disruption and CSF rhinorrhea. There are 3 major types of Le Fort fractures based on the affected area. Motor vehicle accidents are the main cause of the Le Fort fractures. They account to around 10-20% of all facial fractures. The pterygoid plates (they connect the midface to sphenoid bone dorsally) are involved in the Le Fort fractures. The Le Fort fractures are the types that involve separation of all or part of the midface from the skull base. The surgery procedures for Le Fort fractures of trauma victims requires fixation to a horizontal bar of the frontal bone. The stability of the midface region depends on the continuity of this structure. Le Fort fractures are identified by the characteristic pterygomaxillary separation – the fraction between the pterygoind plates, the horseshoe shaped bony protruberances that originate at the inferior margin of the maxilla and maxillary sinuses. This includes the maxillary bone and surrounding structures in the horizontal, pyramidal or transverse direction. He discovered the unique fracture patterns by examining crush injuries in cadavers.Ī Le Fort fracture of the skull is a panfacial fracture that occurs in the mid facial region. The Le Fort fractures are named after the French surgeon Rene Le Fort.
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